关于保护环境 About Protecting the Environment
Today, China's economy has made the great achievement. More and more foreign people come to China to seek for cooperation. It is true that people's life standard has been improved a lot during the last decades, but the environment has been polluted badly. When I was very small, I could see the green trees and clean water around my hometown, but now, the river becomes smaller and the rubbish can be seen everywhere. I feel so sad about it. We have sacrificed so much to chase the profit. If we can't save the environment, we won't live the comfortable life. For us, we should not throw away the rubbish and plant more trees. The little things we do will make a great difference.
今天，中国经济取得了巨大成就，越来越多的外国人来到中国寻求合作。在过去的几十年里，人们的生活水平确实有了很大的提高，但是环境却受到了严重的污染。当我很小的时候，我看到的家乡是绿树环绕、水源清澈，但是现在，河流变小了，到处都可以看到垃圾。我觉得很难过。为了追求利益，我们牺牲了那么多，如果我们不能拯救环境，就不能过上舒适的生活。对我们来说，我们不应该乱丢垃圾，而应该种植更多的树木，我们所做的每一件小事都会对我们产生影响。（本文出自：https://www.adreep.cn/cz/56315.html）
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of about 120 words on the topic: Preserving the Environment. You should base your writing on the following outline (given in Chinese). You can write as many paragraphs as you wish, but you should not omit any part of the outline.
1．人类生存与环境有关；
2．目前环境污染日益严重（略述原因）；
3．保护环境是我们的重要任务。
【范文】
Preserving the Environment
Environment means the land, water, and atmosphere we live by①. Environment is the earth, the only planet and home for us human race②. No one will doubt that we can ever survive③ while the land, water and atmosphere are seriously polluted.
However, this is the situation we are facing today. Every day, every hour, and even every minute, the air, forests, soil, oceans and fish water are becoming dirtier and dirtier with increasing speed④ , which is threatening our existence. There are mainly two causes of⑤ the environmental problems: the excessive use of natural resources and massive discharge of⑥ polluted waste in the course of production.
Preserving the environment is of crucial importance⑦ to mankind today. We must take immediate measures to⑧ fight against⑨ pollution. “Conquering the nature⑩ ” should never be our goal. Instead, we should take nature as our closest friend. Preserving the environment is not only preserving our home but the civilization of human community as well11.
【注释】
①live by：靠……过去；以……为生
②human race：人类，相当于people in general
③survive：vi& vt. 大难不死，幸免于难
④… with increasing speed …：介词with引导一个现在分词短语作状语，说明谓语动词行为方式。
⑤excessive use of …：excessive意思是“过度的”；“极端的”，所以这个短语是说“对……过度使用”。
⑥massive discharge of …：大规模地排放……
⑦be of crucial importance：系动词be和介词of连用，表明某事物具有什么性质或属性；crucial意为“决定性的”，“关系重大的”。所以这句话的意思是：保护环境对今天的人类来说是至关重要的。
⑧take immediate measures to：take measures意为“采取措施”，所以这个词组的意思是“采取紧急措施以……”。
⑨fight against：与……作斗争
⑩conquer the nature：征服大自然
11as well：也，同样（是）
【点评】
本文是一篇根据提纲提示展开的命题作文。出题者要求考生在规定的时间内，紧紧围绕提示，用英语论述自己对“保护环境”这一命题的看法。
文章的第一段，作者用解释法（explanation）从不同的两个角度定义“环境”这个词。我们注意到，这两种解释的本身就说明了人类与环境关系密切。定义之后，作者指出：如果环境污染严重，人类将无法生存。这样，第一点提示要表达的观点就比较清楚了。第二段第一句话中“however”一词承上启下，给人逻辑清晰，过渡自然的感觉；后半句作为本段的中心句，点明接下来将要论述的方向。作者从时、空两个大的方面概述环境污染现状，然后从“过渡开发自然资源”和“大规模排放污染物”两个方面说明导致这种现状的原因。作者之所以要从大的方面并选用较抽象的词语论述环境问题的现状和原因，首先是为了满足提示中“略述”的需要，其次是受英语作文的篇幅限制。这对作者的综合语言表达能力要求较高。承接第一、二段，作者在第三段论述了“保护环境”的重要性和紧迫性。
全篇文章逻辑清晰，语言表达自然流畅。用“However”一词作上段与下段的转折词，过渡自然，结构也显得严谨。
资料来源：李华田主编《四级写作》，新大学英语四、六级考点透视丛书/李华田主编，武汉大学出版社，2006
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